Earthlink adopts reverse Turing Test to halt spam
This is incredibly cool. Last year, I wrote a piece for Wired about how Yahoo was stopping spambots by creating a reverse Turing Test: Before you can get a free Yahoo email account, you have to prove you're a human. How do you do that? By asking users to answer a simple visual-recognition question -- i.e. recognizing the text in a graphic image. Even a five-year-old can easily do this, but almost no robots can, because visual recognition is something that's incredibly hard for machines to do.
Since then, I've written more about this topic; recently, I posted an interaction with a customer-service bot where I successfully determined that I was in fact talking to real, live person. And during a particularly cool discussion here about phones, Franco suggested a very cool Reverse Turing Test to use to thwart telemarketers -- by demanding anyone who calls you out of the blue prove that they're human:
I've been thinking about how to do this with email for a while now. The charge doesn't have to be that high to deter systematic marketers without posing much problem for random contacts. The key, though, is to make it virtually painless for almost anyone to contact you out of the blue.
With email, another idea is to simply authenticate humanness with something like the reverse turing test blogged here a while back (http://www.collisiondetection.net/mt/archives/000164.html). I've thought about automatically bouncing unrecognized email with such a test and asking the sender to resend with the answer to a reverse turing test kind of question. I suppose it's probably not that hard to do that with a phone these days, either, but it's much harder to generalize it to any phone that might be calling you. Maybe an audible turing test: you get a recording that asks you to pass some simple test, like dial a specific 2 digit number. However, the test is read by a stuttering drunk.
So today's big news is ... Earthlink is going to try precisely this technique as a way of thwarting spam! According to today's USA Today:
Here's how it works: Anyone who sends e-mail to a challenge-response user quickly receives an e-mail asking them to prove they are a live person. They do so by copying a series of numbers displayed on their computer screen and returning the message. Their original message is then allowed through. Verification needs to be performed just once, and future e-mails from the same e-mail address are recognized. Blocked messages are sent to a suspect mailbox, which customers can view.
The system lets users create approved e-mail address lists so family, friends and business associates are spared e-mail challenges. It also has a feature to generate additional e-mail addresses to purchase goods online.Many vendors send sales-confirmation notices via e-mail.
I love this. As we live in a world populated by more and more bots, we'll be developing increasingly more techniques for figuring out who's real and who isn't. Some of it may even become experiential, rather than technological. We may find that a crucial technique for navigating the everyday world is a sort of "bot-sense" -- being able to intuit whether someone who's talking to us on the phone, sending us an email, or chatting with us online, is truly a human.
Posted by Clive Thompson at May 25, 2003 02:26 PM
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The surprise of this solution is its elegance and ease of implementation.
I'm currently using a procmail filtering system that bounces a reply to senders not in a whitelist. The bounce message requests a response, effectively filtering out the majority of spam bots. The original mail is queued until the response is received and recognized by the presence of a response string in the subject line of the reply. The original mail is then released from the queue and the sender is added to the whitelist. I could simply modify the bounce message to include a question and set procmail to recognize keywords from the answer in either the subject line or body. Less than thirty seconds of modification to create a reverse-Turing spam killer.
Even commercial mail applications have filtering capabilities that could be adapted quite simply to this solution. Outlook will move mail from an unknown sender (someone not in the user's address book) to a specific folder. It also has auto-response capabilities that can be tied to filtering results. Creating another filter to recognize the correct answer to an auto-reply question should be fairly simple. Mozilla mail has much the same functionality. In other words, this is a solution that can be implemented quite easily by even those with limited or no programming experience.
Posted by: Tony Steidler-Dennison at May 26, 2003 11:26 PM
Wow, I don't know why y'all are so excited about these systems. Simson Garfinkel has an interesting piece in this month's MIT Technology Review on this very topic; rather than repeat his arguments, I'll merely say that IMO asking the sender to do extra computational work (i.e., hashcash, which scales nicely to this sort of problem) is superior to asking me to do extra human work. I don't bother answering challenges from people to whom I send mail, and I don't plan to start.
Posted by: paul robichaux at May 27, 2003 9:51 AM
Oh, I think I´m interested in it because it´s an interesting limit case of where human and machine abilities pick up and leave off. There are, of course, a myriad of these cases, but this one sort of cracks me up for some reason.
Good point as to whether people would actually answer a quiz-question to communicate with someone. It´s a huge, huge hassle. But then again, so is spam, such that spam is eroding email´s ability to be an efficient and reliable mode of communication. The question is which hassle would be bigger. The question is also how badly you wanna email someone, of course. You may simply decide never to email someone who forced you to validate your human-ness with your own personal labor; as a journalist, I couldn´t afford that luxury -- when I need to contact someone, I need to contact ´em, so I´d have to comply with whatever reverse Turing Test got hurled at me.
Tony, interesting point about off-the-shelf solutions! That´s extremely cool.
Posted by: Clive at May 27, 2003 3:39 PM
I have tried a number of anti spam products over the last year, but none of them were as powerful and as user friendly as the Spam Inspector. This is truly a great product. In addition to stopping spam it has some pretty cool tools to fight back and prevent the spammer from spamming for good.
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The surprise of this solution is its elegance and ease of implementation.
I'm currently using a procmail filtering system that bounces a reply to senders not in a whitelist. The bounce message requests a response, effectively filtering out the majority of spam bots. The original mail is queued until the response is received and recognized by the presence of a response string in the subject line of the reply. The original mail is then released from the queue and the sender is added to the whitelist. I could simply modify the bounce message to include a question and set procmail to recognize keywords from the answer in either the subject line or body. Less than thirty seconds of modification to create a reverse-Turing spam killer.
Even commercial mail applications have filtering capabilities that could be adapted quite simply to this solution. Outlook will move mail from an unknown sender (someone not in the user's address book) to a specific folder. It also has auto-response capabilities that can be tied to filtering results. Creating another filter to recognize the correct answer to an auto-reply question should be fairly simple. Mozilla mail has much the same functionality. In other words, this is a solution that can be implemented quite easily by even those with limited or no programming experience.
Posted by: Tony Steidler-Dennison at May 26, 2003 11:26 PM
Wow, I don't know why y'all are so excited about these systems. Simson Garfinkel has an interesting piece in this month's MIT Technology Review on this very topic; rather than repeat his arguments, I'll merely say that IMO asking the sender to do extra computational work (i.e., hashcash, which scales nicely to this sort of problem) is superior to asking me to do extra human work. I don't bother answering challenges from people to whom I send mail, and I don't plan to start.
Posted by: paul robichaux at May 27, 2003 9:51 AM
Oh, I think I´m interested in it because it´s an interesting limit case of where human and machine abilities pick up and leave off. There are, of course, a myriad of these cases, but this one sort of cracks me up for some reason.
Good point as to whether people would actually answer a quiz-question to communicate with someone. It´s a huge, huge hassle. But then again, so is spam, such that spam is eroding email´s ability to be an efficient and reliable mode of communication. The question is which hassle would be bigger. The question is also how badly you wanna email someone, of course. You may simply decide never to email someone who forced you to validate your human-ness with your own personal labor; as a journalist, I couldn´t afford that luxury -- when I need to contact someone, I need to contact ´em, so I´d have to comply with whatever reverse Turing Test got hurled at me.
Tony, interesting point about off-the-shelf solutions! That´s extremely cool.
Posted by: Clive at May 27, 2003 3:39 PM
I have tried a number of anti spam products over the last year, but none of them were as powerful and as user friendly as the Spam Inspector. This is truly a great product. In addition to stopping spam it has some pretty cool tools to fight back and prevent the spammer from spamming for good.
http://www.spaminspector.com
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