Get your game face on

I've written in the past about the "Uncanny Valley" -- the phenomenon that as computer graphics become more and more lifelike, the characters they create look more and more ghoulish. The problem, as I wrote in Slate last year, is that we humans are good at anthropomorphizing very crudely-drawn figures, such as Charlie Brown or Calvin and Hobbes. We fill in the details and find them cute and cuddly. But when a graphical representation of a human becomes so close to reality that it's 99% perfect, our attention shifts -- and we suddenly start noticing the 1% that isn't right. Usually it's something wrong with the face: The eyes look dead, the skin doesn't move correctly. The characters start looking, quite inadvertantly, like zombies. I sometimes wonder whether computer games and animators will ever get past this hump; maybe we'll always find nearly-realistic human animations freaky-looking.
Ah, but maybe there's a much, much weirder solution waiting in the wings. What if people -- real people, in real life -- stop looking fully realistic, and start looking almost-not-quite-real?
This is the incredibly interesting idea put forward in a new essay by Robert Fabricant, a creative director at Frog Design. He points out that the rise of plastic surgery is producing a new wave of people who look just as surreal as our computerized avatars. As he writes:
It is ironic that, as we perfect the algorithms for simulating facial expressions in 3D software, we are embracing cosmetic treatments that reduce the fidelity and individuality of our own facial expressions. Over the last few years there has been a 20-50% annual increase in the number of minimally-invasive cosmetic procedures (depending on the procedure). And there has been an utter acceptance and celebration of cosmetic surgery in the media with shows like Fox's "The Swan" and ABC's "Extreme Makeover." It is easy to imagine a point in the future when these two trends converge and we all look like Angelina Jolie -- errr, Lara Croft.
That chart above is from Fabricant's essay, and wittily illustrates the merging of these two trends. He also points out lots of other weird mergings of digital and real-life aesthetics, including the Xbox game Yourself!Fitness, in which a hot virtual chick enjoins you to develop a body as perfectly sculpted as hers.
(Thanks to Michele Tepper for this one!)
Posted by Clive Thompson at October 25, 2005 05:59 PM
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I hate to sound really shallow here, but I think that it is human nature, and possibly a survival instinct, to pick out the flaws in others. I know that when I meet someone I instictivly think, "their nose is too small", "their chin is too big", or "wow, that is a big butt!" This is irregardless of plastic surgery.
In turn I think that we individually define beauty when we do not see flaws in another person, or that the flaws we see are so minimal they have no real impact on our judgement.
Posted by: stinkeyfinger at October 25, 2005 9:18 PM
Just to bolster the theory: Have you taken a look at Tim LaHaye lately? Woah.
Posted by: Jim at October 25, 2005 10:01 PM
Yiiii!
stinkeyfinger, very true that people are incredibly shallow in defining beauty. But the Uncanny Valley effect isn't about avatars not being attractive -- it's about them not seeming even alive. Part of the hardwired judgements you talk about are, I've read, based in the evolutionary need to quickly assess the state of health of another person -- in part to help get away from them if they were contagiously sick, among other things. That's why we have such a finely honed ability to read faces.
Posted by: Clive at October 25, 2005 11:28 PM
That 20-50% figure is for the US though, isn't it? I wonder what the rise would be for other countries. It sometimes seems that the US has more or less cornered the market on being shallow about one's appearance.
Posted by: Chris Bateman at October 26, 2005 2:32 AM
Chris, I'm glad you asked that. Just yesterday I heard the weirdest story on NPR: Plastic surgery has taken off in... Iraq. Listen for yourself.
(While searching for the link for this comment, guess what else I found? A similar report from 2001... in Iraq's next door neighbor, Iran.)
Posted by: Peter at October 26, 2005 5:22 AM
Posted by: Peter at October 26, 2005 5:24 AM
Interesting post Clive. It's like an inverse Uncanny Valley where humans start looking less human.
It certainly explains why Nancy Grace creeps me out, aside from her complete ignorance of, you know, due process and the concept of a fair trial.
Posted by: Dusty Bear at October 26, 2005 12:25 PM
Yeah, the "inverse Uncanny Valley" thing is precisely it. Game makers are to the left of the valley and creeping down deeper into it; humans are creeping down from the right-hand side. Eventually we'll meet!
Posted by: Clive at October 26, 2005 4:24 PM
When our entire consciousness ends up in a vat someday, we won't even need faces.
Posted by: daniel luke at October 27, 2005 10:33 AM
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I hate to sound really shallow here, but I think that it is human nature, and possibly a survival instinct, to pick out the flaws in others. I know that when I meet someone I instictivly think, "their nose is too small", "their chin is too big", or "wow, that is a big butt!" This is irregardless of plastic surgery.
In turn I think that we individually define beauty when we do not see flaws in another person, or that the flaws we see are so minimal they have no real impact on our judgement.
Posted by: stinkeyfinger
at October 25, 2005 9:18 PM
Just to bolster the theory: Have you taken a look at Tim LaHaye lately? Woah.
Posted by: Jim
at October 25, 2005 10:01 PM
Yiiii!
stinkeyfinger, very true that people are incredibly shallow in defining beauty. But the Uncanny Valley effect isn't about avatars not being attractive -- it's about them not seeming even alive. Part of the hardwired judgements you talk about are, I've read, based in the evolutionary need to quickly assess the state of health of another person -- in part to help get away from them if they were contagiously sick, among other things. That's why we have such a finely honed ability to read faces.
Posted by: Clive
at October 25, 2005 11:28 PM
That 20-50% figure is for the US though, isn't it? I wonder what the rise would be for other countries. It sometimes seems that the US has more or less cornered the market on being shallow about one's appearance.
Posted by: Chris Bateman
at October 26, 2005 2:32 AM
Chris, I'm glad you asked that. Just yesterday I heard the weirdest story on NPR: Plastic surgery has taken off in... Iraq. Listen for yourself.
(While searching for the link for this comment, guess what else I found? A similar report from 2001... in Iraq's next door neighbor, Iran.)
Posted by: Peter
at October 26, 2005 5:22 AM
I must have mangled the HTML in the first link above. Here is the URL:
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4952428M
Posted by: Peter
at October 26, 2005 5:24 AM
Interesting post Clive. It's like an inverse Uncanny Valley where humans start looking less human.
It certainly explains why Nancy Grace creeps me out, aside from her complete ignorance of, you know, due process and the concept of a fair trial.
Posted by: Dusty Bear
at October 26, 2005 12:25 PM
Yeah, the "inverse Uncanny Valley" thing is precisely it. Game makers are to the left of the valley and creeping down deeper into it; humans are creeping down from the right-hand side. Eventually we'll meet!
Posted by: Clive
at October 26, 2005 4:24 PM
When our entire consciousness ends up in a vat someday, we won't even need faces.
Posted by: daniel luke
at October 27, 2005 10:33 AM